In this chapter we discuss patients in whom a slow psychodynamic development that appeared directed toward a schizophrenic outcome was diverted, arrested, or slowed down.
Download Author: Arieti, Silvano, M.D.
The Diagnosis and Prognosis of Schizophrenia
The competency of the psychiatrist is often measured by his ability to rule out from the classification schizophrenia many patients who present a schizophrenic-like symptomatology. Although no one can be absolutely sure what course a given patient will follow, a certain group of symptoms and factors tend to occur more frequently in patients who recover; on the other hand, other symptoms and factors tend to occur in patients with a poor outcome.
The Break with Reality
In this part of the book we shall examine the mechanisms with which the patient attempts to envision life in a less frightening manner.
First Period: Early Childhood and Family Environment
A psychodynamic understanding of any human being and, in our particular case, of a person who will eventually suffer from schizophrenia, requires that we study the following:
1. The world which the child meets.
2. The child’s way of experiencing that world, especially in its interpersonal aspects.
3. The way the child internalizes that world and the effects of such internalization.
4. The ways by which the sequence of later experiences weaken, reinforce, distort, neutralize, expand, or restrict the effects of the early experiences.
The Cognitive Transformation
In many cases of schizophrenia the disorder does not manifest itself, at least in its initial stages, with obvious symptoms. Some cognitive alterations may appear to be within the normal range or not distinguishable from those occurring in neuroses and character disorders. Usual psychological tests may also fail to show evidence of cognitive impairment. However, people who knew the patient well can recognize the difference in him. His attitude toward life has changed.
American Handbook of Psychiatry: Volume 7
Among the topics considered are endorphins and psychosis, implications of split-brain studies, the latest findings on the genetic models of mental illness, psychopharmacotherapy as applied exclusively to children, the child at risk for major psychiatric illness, borderline syndromes in childhood, new changes in the psychoanalytic concepts of narcissism, new concepts of masked depression, biofeedback, concepts of human sexuality, new management of sleep disorders, the role of adult play in mental health, the prevention and treatment of mental retardation, the roles of computers in psychiatry, changes in law that pertain to psychiatry, current ideas on art, poetry, and music therapy, and the family of the schizophrenic as a participant in the therapeutic task. (2079 pp.)
The Family of the Schizophrenic and Its Participation in the Therapeutic Task
In this chapter we shall reconsider the role attributed to the family of the schizophrenic and shall present possible modifications. (41 pp.)
American Handbook of Psychiatry: Volume 3
A compendium of Adult Psychiatry covering
- General Concepts about Neuroses and Related Disorders
- Specific Neurotic and Character-Disordered Behavior and Syndromes
- Syndromes Associated with Action Directed against the Environment
- Sexual Behavior and Syndromes
- Addictive Behavior and Syndromes
- Functional Psychoses and Related Conditions
- Unclassified Behavior and Syndromes
(2365 pp.)
Affective Disorders
(122 pp.)
MANIC-DEPRESSIVE PSYCHOSIS AND PSYCHOTIC DEPRESSION:
Manifest Symptomatology, Psychodynamics,Sociological Factors, and Psychotherapy
Historical Notes
The Manifest Symptomatology of Manic-Depressive Psychosis
Psychodynamic Mechanisms
Prepsychotic Personality
Depression as a Feeling and as a Mechanism
The Study of Affective Psychoses from the Point of View of Sociocultural Psychiatry
Schizophrenia: Psychodynamic Mechanisms and Psychostructural Forms
(107 pp.)
Psychodynamics of Schizophrenia
The Family of the Schizophrenic
First Period: Early Childhood
Second Period: Late Childhood
Third Period: Adolescence, Youth, Adulthood
Fourth Period: The Psychosis
The Process of Active Concretization
Paleologic Thought
Desymbolization and Desocialization
Causality and Action: Motor Dysfunctions
Progressive Teleologic Regression
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